Competition English Notes
English Introduction
One Word Substitution For SSC CGL
Word |
Meaning in Hindi |
Meaning in English |
Usages in a Sentence |
1. Abattoir |
कसाईखाना |
Slaughterhouse |
Meat from the abattoir was delivered to local markets. |
2. Xenophobia |
विदेशी लोगों से घृणा |
Fear of foreigners |
Her xenophobia prevented her from traveling to foreign countries. |
3. Bigot |
कट्टर |
A person who is intolerant towards others |
His bigotry prevented him from seeing other's viewpoints. |
4. Carnivorous |
मांसाहारी |
An animal that feeds on other animals |
Lions are carnivorous animals. |
5. Eulogy |
प्रशंसापत्र |
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone highly |
He delivered a moving eulogy at his father's funeral. |
6. Fatalist |
भाग्यवादी |
Believing in fate |
He was a fatalist and believed that his future was predestined. |
7. Genocide |
नरसंहार |
Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group |
The genocide during the war took many lives. |
8. Heretic |
धर्मविरोधी |
Person who holds controversial opinions |
Galileo was considered a heretic during his time. |
9. Impromptu |
तत्पर |
Done without preparation |
He gave an impromptu speech at the party. |
10. Kleptomaniac |
चोरी का आदी |
A person with a compulsion to steal |
He was diagnosed as a kleptomaniac and received treatment. |
11. Misanthrope |
मानव द्वेषी |
A person who dislikes humankind |
She grew to become a misanthrope after many years of solitude. |
12. Narcissist |
आत्मसंस्थ |
A person who has excessive interest in or admiration of themselves |
His narcissistic tendencies made it difficult for him to empathize with others. |
13. Omnivorous |
सर्वाहारी |
Feeding on both animals and plants |
Humans are generally considered omnivorous. |
14. Philanthropist |
परोपकारी |
A person who seeks to promote the welfare of others |
The philanthropist donated a large part of his wealth to charities. |
15. Quarantine |
संगरोध |
A state of isolation to prevent the spread of disease |
Travelers were put in quarantine as a precaution against the virus. |
16. Recluse |
एकान्तवासी |
A person who lives a solitary life |
The old man lived as a recluse in the mountains. |
17. Somnambulist |
नींद में चलनेवाला |
Sleepwalker |
As a somnambulist, he often found himself in strange places upon waking. |
18. Teetotaler |
शराब से परहेज करनेवाला |
A person who never drinks alcohol |
As a teetotaler, he would only drink non-alcoholic beverages at parties. |
19. Utilitarian |
उपयोगितावादी |
Designed to be useful rather than attractive |
The furniture in the room was utilitarian and lacked any decorative elements. |
20. Vegetarian |
शाकाहारी |
A person who does not eat meat |
She became a vegetarian for health and ethical reasons. |
21. Xenophile |
विदेशियों का प्रेमी |
An individual who is attracted to foreign peoples, manners, or cultures |
He was a xenophile, always eager to learn about different cultures. |
22. Zephyr |
हलकी हवा |
A soft gentle breeze |
A cool zephyr blew through the fields. |
23. Agnostic |
अज्ञेयवादी |
A person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God |
As an agnostic, he was open to the possibility of a higher power but didn't believe it could be proven. |
24. Bibliophile |
पुस्तक प्रेमी |
A person who collects or has a great love of books |
The bibliophile had an extensive library in his home. |
25. Claustrophobia |
संकीर्ण भय |
Fear of enclosed or crowded spaces |
She felt claustrophobia when entering the crowded elevator. |
26. Demagogue |
जनसम्मोहक नेता |
A political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular desires and prejudices |
The demagogue managed to sway public opinion with his fiery speeches. |
27. Egalitarian |
समानतावादी |
Believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities |
She was a strong egalitarian, advocating for equal rights for all. |
28. Frugal |
मितव्ययी |
Sparing or economical with regard to money or food |
He led a frugal lifestyle, saving every penny he could. |
29. Hypocrite |
पाखंडी |
A person who indulges in hypocrisy |
He was a hypocrite, preaching honesty but stealing from the company. |
30. Insomniac |
अनिद्रा रोगी |
A person suffering from insomnia |
As an insomniac, he often stayed up all night. |
31. Jovial |
आनंदित |
Cheerful and friendly |
Despite the hardships, he remained a jovial person. |
32. Kleptocracy |
चोरी की सरकार |
A government with corrupt leaders that use their power to exploit the people and natural resources of their own territory |
The country was ruled by a kleptocracy that left its citizens impoverished. |
33. Linguist |
भाषाविद |
A person skilled in foreign languages |
As a linguist, she could speak six languages fluently. |
34. Meticulous |
सूक्ष्म |
Showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise |
His meticulous attention to detail made him an excellent proofreader. |
35. Nostalgic |
यादगार |
Characterized by or exhibiting feelings of nostalgia |
Seeing the old photos was a nostalgic experience for her. |
36. Omnipotent |
सर्वशक्तिमान |
Having unlimited power; able to do anything |
In many cultures, deities are considered to be omnipotent. |
37. Philistine |
असभ्य व्यक्ति |
A person who is hostile or indifferent to culture and the arts |
His philistine attitudes were evident in his disdain for the theater. |
38. Quixotic |
अद्भुत |
Extremely idealistic, unrealistic and impractical |
His quixotic dream of creating a utopia was met with skepticism. |
39. Reticent |
अल्पभाषी |
Not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily |
She was reticent and kept her thoughts to herself. |
40. Stoic |
उदासीन |
A person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining |
Despite the challenges, he remained stoic and focused on his goals. |
41. Taciturn |
अल्पभाषी |
Reserved or uncommunicative in speech |
He was a taciturn man, rarely engaging in conversation. |
42. Ubiquitous |
सर्वव्यापी |
Present, appearing, or found everywhere |
Mobile phones are ubiquitous in modern society. |
43. Vindictive |
प्रतिशोधी |
Having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge |
He was a vindictive person, holding grudges for years. |
44. Xenodochial |
परायों के प्रति मिलनसार |
Being friendly to strangers |
Despite her shy nature, she was xenodochial towards tourists visiting her town. |
45. Yearn |
उत्कण्ठा होना |
To have an intense feeling of longing for something |
She yearned for a chance to see the world. |
46. Zealot |
धर्मांध |
A person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals |
His zealotry prevented him from understanding differing viewpoints. |
47. Abstain |
बचना |
Restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something |
He decided to abstain from eating junk food for health reasons. |
48. Biennial |
द्विवार्षिक |
Taking place every other year |
The biennial conference was scheduled for next spring. |
49. Connoisseur |
विशेषज्ञ |
An expert judge in matters of taste |
He was a connoisseur of fine wines. |
50. Dystopia |
दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण स्थिति |
An imagined state or society where there is great suffering or injustice |
The novel depicted a dystopia where freedom was severely restricted. |
51. Ephemeral |
अल्पकालिक |
Lasting for a very short time |
The rainbow is an ephemeral beauty that disappears as quickly as it forms. |
52. Fanatic |
कट्टर |
Filled with excessive and single-minded zeal |
His fanatic devotion to the cause disturbed his friends. |
53. Gaffe |
भूल |
An unintentional act or remark causing embarrassment to its originator |
His comment was a major gaffe that offended many people. |
54. Hermit |
संन्यासी |
A person living in solitude as a religious discipline |
The hermit lived alone in the mountains, away from the chaos of society. |
55. Idiosyncrasy |
विशेषता |
A mode of behavior or way of thought peculiar to an individual |
His love of old music is one of his idiosyncrasies. |
56. Jingoism |
कट्टर राष्ट्रवाद |
Extreme patriotism, especially in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy |
His speeches were often criticized for their jingoism. |
57. Kleptomaniac |
चोरी का आदी |
A person who can't resist the urge to steal |
As a kleptomaniac, he often stole items he didn't need. |
58. Loquacious |
बातूनी |
Tending to talk a great deal; talkative |
He was a loquacious individual who could keep the conversation going for hours. |
59. Maverick |
स्वतंत्र विचारक |
An independent-minded person |
He was considered a maverick in his industry due to his unconventional ideas. |
60. Narcissist |
आत्मसंस्थ |
A person who has excessive interest in or admiration of themselves |
His narcissistic behavior was off-putting to those around him. |
61. Ombudsman |
लोकपाल |
An official appointed to investigate individuals' complaints against maladministration, especially that of public authorities |
The role of the ombudsman is to ensure that citizens' complaints are heard and addressed. |
62. Philanderer |
लड़कियों के पीछे भागनेवाला |
A man who frequently forms and quickly terminates sexual relationships with women, or is unfaithful to his wife or partner |
His reputation as a philanderer harmed his public image. |
63. Quisling |
गद्दार |
A traitor who collaborates with an enemy force occupying their country |
During the war, he was labeled a quisling for his actions. |
64. Recidivist |
पुनरावर्ती अपराधी |
A convicted criminal who reoffends, especially repeatedly |
As a recidivist, he found it difficult to break the cycle of crime. |
65. Stentorian |
बुलंदध्वनि |
A loud and powerful voice |
His stentorian voice could be heard across the room. |
66. Teetotaller |
शराब से परहेज करनेवाला |
A person who never drinks alcohol |
As a teetotaller, he always opted for non-alcoholic drinks at parties. |
67. Usurper |
अनधिकारी अधिकारी |
A person who takes a position of power or importance illegally or by force |
He was viewed as a usurper when he claimed the throne. |
68. Vagrant |
घुमक्कड़ |
A person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place |
The vagrant had been traveling from city to city for several years. |
69. Xenophobe |
विदेशी विरोधी |
A person having a dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries |
His xenophobic comments were met with widespread criticism. |
70. Yachtsman |
नौकायान करनेवाला |
A person who sails yachts |
The experienced yachtsman won several sailing competitions. |
71. Zealot |
कट्टर |
A person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals |
He was a zealot, utterly devoted to his political party. |
72. Abnegation |
त्याग |
The act of renouncing or rejecting something |
He lived a life of abnegation, giving up all personal luxuries. |
73. Blasphemy |
ईश-निंदा |
The act or offense of speaking sacrilegiously about God or sacred things |
His words were considered blasphemy by the religious community. |
74. Chauvinist |
कट्टर राष्ट्रवादी |
A person displaying aggressive or exaggerated patriotism |
His chauvinist beliefs often led to heated arguments. |
75. Diatribe |
निंदात्मक भाषण |
A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something |
His speech was less a thoughtful critique and more a diatribe. |
76. Euphoria |
आनंद |
A feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness |
The euphoria of winning the championship lasted for weeks. |
77. Fatalist |
भाग्यवादी |
A person who believes that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable |
As a fatalist, he believed that he had no control over his destiny. |
78. Gourmand |
खूब खाने वाला |
A person who enjoys eating and often eats too much |
He was a true gourmand, with a love for all kinds of food. |
79. Hypochondriac |
रोग-भ्रांति व्यक्ति |
A person who is excessively anxious about their health |
As a hypochondriac, he visited the doctor often. |
80. Iconoclast |
मूर्तिभंजक |
A person who attacks or criticizes cherished beliefs or institutions |
As an iconoclast, he was always challenging traditional beliefs. |
81. Juggernaut |
अनिरोध्य बल |
A huge, powerful, and overwhelming force or institution |
The multinational corporation was a juggernaut in the industry. |
82. Kleptomaniac |
चोरी का आदी |
A person who has a compulsion to steal |
Because of his kleptomania, he often found himself in trouble with the law. |
83. Libertarian |
आत्मनिर्भरता समर्थक |
A person who believes in free will |
As a libertarian, he strongly opposed government intervention in personal choices. |
84. Misanthrope |
मानव द्वेषी |
A person who dislikes humankind |
He was a misanthrope who preferred to live in isolation. |
85. Nihilist |
नास्तिक |
A person who believes that life is meaningless and rejects all religious and moral principles |
His nihilistic views often led to heated debates. |
86. Opportunist |
अवसरवादी |
A person who takes advantage of opportunities as and when they arise, regardless of planning or principle |
He was an opportunist, always ready to take advantage of any situation. |
87. Pessimist |
निराशावादी |
A person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen |
As a pessimist, he was always preparing for the worst. |
88. Quack |
नकली डॉक्टर |
A person who dishonestly claims to have special knowledge and skill in some field |
The quack made false promises of a cure to desperate patients. |
89. Renegade |
दरोगा |
A person who deserts and betrays an organization, country, or set of principles |
He was considered a renegade when he switched his loyalty to the rival team. |
90. Skeptic |
संदेहवादी |
A person inclined to question or doubt accepted opinions |
As a skeptic, she always asked for evidence before accepting any claim. |
91. Tycoon |
धनी व्यक्ति |
A wealthy, powerful person in business or industry |
He is a real estate tycoon with properties all over the country. |
92. Unanimous |
सर्वसम्मत |
(of two or more people) fully in agreement |
The decision was unanimous; everyone agreed to the proposed plan. |
93. Vagabond |
आवारा |
A person who wanders from place to place without a home or job |
He chose a vagabond lifestyle, roaming the country with no fixed address. |
94. Xenophile |
विदेशी चीजों का प्रेमी |
An individual who is attracted to foreign peoples, cultures, or customs |
She is a xenophile, always interested in learning about different cultures. |
95. Yogi |
योगी |
A person who is proficient in yoga |
He is a yogi who has dedicated his life to meditation and spiritual practices. |
96. Zeppelin |
एक प्रकार का हवाई जहाज |
A large German dirigible airship of the early 20th century |
He saw a zeppelin flying overhead, a rare sight these days. |
97. Abolitionist |
उन्मूलनवादी |
A person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution, especially capital punishment or slavery |
He was an abolitionist who worked tirelessly to end slavery. |
98. Blatherskite |
बकवास करने वाला |
A person who talks at great length without making much sense |
His speech was full of blatherskite and lacked substance. |
99. Claustrophobia |
संकुचित स्थान का भय |
Extreme or irrational fear of confined places |
She couldn't ride in elevators due to her claustrophobia. |
100. Demagogue |
जनसम्मोहक नेता |
A political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular desires and prejudices rather than by using rational argument |
The demagogue won support through fiery speeches that appealed to people's emotions. |
Direct and Indirect Speech Conversion
Rule | Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
---|---|---|
First person pronouns (I, we) | He said, "I am tired." | He said that he was tired. |
Second person pronouns (you) | She said to me, "You are late." | She told me that I was late. |
Third person pronouns (he, she, they) | She said, "He is my friend." | She said that he was her friend. |
Present Simple to Past Simple | She said, "I like ice cream." | She said that she liked ice cream. |
Present Continuous to Past Continuous | He said, "I am reading a book." | He said that he was reading a book. |
Present Perfect to Past Perfect | They said, "We have finished our homework." | They said that they had finished their homework. |
Past Simple to Past Perfect | She said, "I saw the movie." | She said that she had seen the movie. |
Will to Would | He said, "I will call you." | He said that he would call me. |
Now to Then | He said, "I am busy now." | He said that he was busy then. |
Today to That day | She said, "I will go today." | She said that she would go that day. |
Tomorrow to The next day | He said, "I will come tomorrow." | He said that he would come the next day. |
Yesterday to The previous day | She said, "I met him yesterday." | She said that she had met him the previous day. |
Here to There | He said, "I am here." | He said that he was there. |
Can to Could | She said, "I can swim." | She said that she could swim. |
May to Might | He said, "I may come." | He said that he might come. |
Must to Had to | She said, "I must leave." | She said that she had to leave. |
Reporting Verbs | He said, "I am happy." She asked, "Are you coming?" |
He said that he was happy. She asked if I was coming. |
Negative Sentences | He said, "I do not like it." | He said that he did not like it. |
Interrogative Sentences (Yes/No Questions) | He asked, "Are you coming?" | He asked if I was coming. |
Interrogative Sentences (WH-Questions) | She asked, "Where are you going?" | She asked where I was going. |
Imperative Sentences | He said, "Please sit down." | He asked me to sit down. |
Exclamatory Sentences | He said, "What a beautiful house!" | He exclaimed that it was a beautiful house. |
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Mathematics provides structure to our life and reduces ambiguity. Learning Mathematics improves our reasoning power, creativity, abstract or spatial thinking, critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and even effective communication skills.
Maths References
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